Author

George Michaelson

George works with the Communications team on blogging and podcasts. He is a computer scientist originally from the UK, with over 40 years experience in networking and IT management. He participates in IETF standardization, and attends RIR and NOG meetings.


Blog home

Hooray for the sockets interface

By on 28 Jul 2026

In 1983, BSD 4.2 introduced sockets, treating network communication like file I/O. This simplification sped UNIX adoption of shared protocols and services, marking a key turning point in modern networking.

Life on the Internet adoption curve

By on 13 Jul 2026

The technology adoption curve has not changed, our position on it has. As the Internet and BGP move into later stages of adoption, rapid growth is giving way to saturation, changing how we plan, invest, and operate.

[Podcast] About time

By on 28 May 2026

This episode of PING explores how today’s dependence on highly synchronized clocks is colliding with unstable Earth rotation, legacy system epochs, and the growing need to secure Internet time itself.


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